ASSESSMENT OF BIOMORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS AND ANTHRACNOSE RESISTANCE IN COMMON BEAN COLLECTION

Due to the growing demand for food, feed, as well as the need for crop rotation in modern agriculture, much attention is paid to legumes, especially beans. The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), belonging to the genus Phaseolus L., is a valuable leguminous food plant with high nutritional value and palatability. Anthracnose is one of the diseases severely damaging the seeds of the common bean. Under favorable conditions for the development of anthracnose, the disease prevents the development of beans, and significantly reduces the yield (by 40% or more) and the quality of the pods. Determination of genotypes with anthracnose resistance genes and assessment of morphobiological traits will give impetus to the development of new breeding strategies for common beans. In the present study, the biomorphological characteristics of 37 accessions of the common bean were assessed and resistance to anthracnose was examined using 1 RAPD and 3 SCAR primers associated with the resistance genes Co- 42, Co-6, Co-10 (Co-34). As a result of the analysis, 8 genotypes with high productivity were identified. The correlation-regression analysis revealed that the main trait affecting productivity per 1 m2 is the number of beans per plant (R2=17%). The results showed that out of 37 bean samples studied, 36 samples had only Co-4 anthracnose resistance gene (according to the RAPD marker), 12 accession had Co-4 and Co-6, 3 genotypes had Co-4 and Co-10 (34), and the others 3 (AG-1894, AzePHA-34, AzePHA-210) had Co-4, Co-6 and Co-10. Information about resistance genes and morphobiological traits can be used by breeders to select new accessions (K-13044, K-13038, AzePHA-36) with the desired gene and positive agronomic characteristics, as well as to create new high-yielding and resistant varieties suitable for local agronomic conditions.