INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZER AND PESTICIDE SYSTEMS ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF GRAIN-GRASS-TILLED CROP ROTATION AND AGROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SODDY-PODZOLIC SANDY SOIL

In the field experiment, the influence of fertilizer systems of various degrees of saturation in combination with pesticides on the productivity of the fruit-shifting crop rotation (five rotations 1993-2012) and agrochemical properties of the sod-podzolic sandy soil of the Novozybkovskaya GSOS VNIIA was assessed. It was found that the use of 40 t/ha of manure + N200P100K240 in combination with pesticides contributes to an increase in the productivity of the crop rotation on average per rotation by 2.05 t/ha of grain relative to control (without fertilizers). The use of a mineral fertilizer system in combination with pesticides provided an increase in crop rotation productivity by 1.34-2.21 t/ha of grain, with a maximum value of 3.66 t/ha of grain against the background of N600P400K720 + pesticides. In the control variant, over 20 years, a decrease in the content of organic matter in the arable soil layer was recorded by 0.23%, mobile phosphates by 32.9%, exchangeable potassium by 42.3%, the amount of exchangeable bases by 37.0%, the hydrolytic acidity of the soil increased by 12.3%. The introduction of litter manure of 400 t/ha provided an increase in the organic matter content from 2.09 to 2.13%, 200 t/ha of manure+N1000P500K1200 from 2.06 to 2.11% or by 0.05%, N2000P1500K3600 from 2.23 to 2.30 or 0.07%. As a result of vertical migration over five rotations of the fruit-shifting crop rotation, the content of 137Cs per the control variant in the arable layer (0-20 cm) decreased by 1.5%, in the variant manure 200 t/ ha + N1000P500K1200 by 5.5% and increased in the soil layer 20-60 cm by 0.7%, in the variant N2000P1000K2400 its content in the arable layer decreased by 2.5% and increased in the soil layer 20-60 cm by 0.7%, in the N3000P1500K3600 variant, it decreased by 14.8% in the surface layer and increased by 9.8% in the 20-60 cm layer