The control of cyst eelworms in Bavaria according to the principles of integrated crop protection

Cyst eelworms, which often are accompanying intensive crop production in Bavaria increasingly are losing their dangerousness. Since about ten years a sanitation concept due to the principles of integrated crop protection is realized, it is very successful, saves money and does not stress the environment. Thus to control the potato cyst eelworms (Globodera rostochiensis and G. pallida) the skilful cultivation of resistant varieties, which are antagonistic crops, is practised and will still increase. However, in future special endeavours are necessary against the white potato cyst eelworms, against which only a few resistant varieties are offered. For the control of the widespread cereal cyst eelworm (Heterodera avenae) only agronomy practices are deing done. There are first successes of breeding for resistance. Thus, at present two oat varieties, one spring wheat and one spring barley variety are registered to be resistant against the cereal eelworm. Having recognized that on heavily infested areas the resistant varieties are outyielding the susceptible ones, on those areas the resistant cereal cultivars should be introduced. The beet cyst nematode is widespread in Lower Frankonia and less psread in the Danube valley, in the other regions of Bavaria it is found only sporadically. The activity 'cyst nematode controlled beet production' with its systematic soil examination on the whole farm area gives useful hints, on which parts of the farm land beet production should be stopped for some time. Depending on the degree of infestation an interruption of beet production for three to six years is recommended. For this time beet can be grown on land free of nematodes or with little infestation. The activity of the nematode examination institution at Zeil on the river Main, which belongs to the Franken-Zucker company, has proved to be very helpful, as far as organisational and financial questions are concerned. The effect of crop rotation, the main tool of sanitation, in future still can be increased