Reciprocity in a Philippine fishing village: a study of coping behavior in a subsistence economy
1990
Diez, M.E.A.
The study aimed to describe the forms of social networking that people in a subsistence economy use to enable them to fight against poverty. Specifically, the objective of the study were: one, to describe how people in a fishing village establish a social network that can help them cope with poverty. Second, to describe the nature of horizontal and vertical social exchange relationships that exist within a social network. Third, to discuss the norms that govern both horizontal and vertical social exchange relationships that exist within a social network. The findings of the study revealed that the forms of social networking that are clearly evident in Tanao are kinship by consaguinity and friendship thru neighbor-relationship. Social networking thru ritual ties is not very evident in the village. Horizontal reciprocal social exchange relationship is usually between neighbor-families. Vertical reciprocal social exchange relationship, on the other hand, is commonly exhibited by the "amo" and his laborers. The "amo" acts as the patron while his laborers are his clients. The norm that govern both horizontal and vertical social exchange relationships is the same: return the favor done to you in the way that it is expected. Between status equals, it is giving back exactly the same favor done to them but not to be hesitant to give any kind of favor when asked to do so. Between persons of differing social classes, it is giving back what is expected of their social position.
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