Karyotypic characterization of 34 garlic (Allium sativum L.) clones
1993
Tadayuki, Toyao | Escaff G, Moises | Munoz S, Carlos (Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Santiago (Chile). Estacion Experimental La Platina)
Karyotype of 34 garlic clones, kept at the Chilean Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias gene bank, was determined. After testing various cytological techniques, root tips were pre-treated with 0.1% Colchicine for 3 hr, fixed in Ethanol: Acetic Acid (3:1) for over 2 hr, macerated in 0.2 N HCl at 60 deg C for 3 min, stained with 1% Acetocarmine and squashed for observation with a phase contrast microscope at 1.000x. All clones had 2n = 16 chromosomes, with 24 of them having a basic karyotype in which chromosomes 1, 2, 3 and 4 were long and metacentric; chromosome 5, medium and metacentric; chromosomes 6 medium, subacrocentric, and with satellite; chromosome 7 medium, submetacentric, and also with satellite; and chromosome 8, short and submetacentric. Karyotype of 10 clones were different from the basic type in that in chromosome 7 some of these clones showed no satellite; in chromosome 6, the short arm is smaller and the satellite was not present; chromosomes 5 and 8, were submetacentric; and in certain chromosomes pairs were not equal. No clear relation was observed between chromosome structure and provenance, morphology or growth cycle of the different clones studied
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