Integrated nutrients management on rice in rice-wheat and upland rice in upland rice-blackgram systems
2000
Tripathi, B.P. | Acharya, G.P. | Shrestha, S.P. | Gregory, P.J. (Agriculture Research Station, Lumle (Nepal))
Field experiments in two cropping systems viz. in rice-wheat in bunded terraces (Chambas, 465m and Pakuwa, 850 m asl) and upland rice in upland rice-blackgram system in upland unbunded gentle slope terraces (Dor Dor Tar, 550 m asl) in the western hills of Nepal were conducted during 1997-99 to determine the response of crop yields of rice and upland rice and changes in soil chemical properties to the application of manure or fertilizer or a combination of both in rice-wheat and upland rice-blackgram systems. The experiments were conducted in a randomised complete block design with seven treatments replicated four times in all crops in both the systems. Three years data showed that under hill conditions application of farmers' practice of inorganic fertilizer (50:15:15 kg/N:P:K/ha) or 50 percent through chemical fertilizers and 50 percent through organic manure of the above dose or 50kg N/ha alone through organic manure in rice produce 4.7 to 5.1 t/ha improved rice (Makawanpur 1) and 2.3 to 2.7 t/ha local rice (Akle) in rice-wheat system. In tar land areas, 2.3 to 2.7 t/ha local upland rice (Tauli) could be harvested either with the application of farmers' practices of inorganic fertilizer (40:15:15 kg/ha) or 40kg N/ha alone through organic manures. Total productivity of rice (50:15:15) and wheat (80:15:15) was significantly high (6:76 t/ha at Chambas and 3.81 t/ha at Pakuwa) and these yields were comparable with the yields of 50 percent organic plus 50 percent inorganic sources. The total productivity of upland rice and black gram was the highest (2.41 t/ha) in full chemical fertilizer treatment followed by 50 percent organic plus 50 percent inorganic sources. Organic carbon and available P contents increased and exchangeable K started depleting after two continuous cycles of rice-wheat and upland rice-blackgram systems. Future study should be diverted towards nutrient balances in different cropping systems.
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