Biologically active compounds in wild and cultivated cranberries and blueberries
2023
Kreicbergs, Viesturs | Duma, Mara | Ozola, Baiba | Mikelsone, Velga
Blueberries and cranberries are among the best sources of biologically active compounds - flavonoids, anthocyanins, phenolic acids, and vitamins. The chemical composition of berries varies depending on the variety, growing conditions, stage of ripening, etc. The aim of research was to determine and compare the content of total phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, vitamin C, soluble solids, and total acidity in wild and cultivated cranberries and blueberries. Berries were obtained from the local market in a stage of full ripeness. Spectrophotometer was used for the absorbance measurements, the content of soluble solids was measured with a refractometer, the content of vitamin C and total acidity – volumetrically. The obtained results showed that the content of total phenols in cultivated cranberries was twice as high as in cultivated blueberries. The calculations showed a significant difference in polyphenol groups. The relative proportion of flavonoids changed as follows: wild blueberry < cultivated blueberry < wild cranberry < cultivated cranberry and a similar relationship was observed regarding anthocyanins. It means that phenolic acids dominate in cranberries, while flavonoids and anthocyanins are important in blueberries despite the origin. The content of vitamin C and soluble solids was by 42% and 40.2% more in cultivated blueberries than in wild blueberries, respectively. It was found that total acids in wild cranberries were on average six times higher than in blueberries. In general, we can conclude, that the most significant differences were find between chemical composition of wild and cultivated blueberries.
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