Productivity of corn and beans as affected by season and source of nitrogen.
2022
SILVEIRA, P. M. da | NASCENTE, A. S. | CARVALHO, M. da C. S. | PEDRO MARQUES DA SILVEIRA, CNPAF; ADRIANO STEPHAN NASCENTE, CNPAF; MARIA DA CONCEICAO SANTANA CARVALHO, CNPAF.
Enhanced-efficiency fertilizers, which provide a reduction in nitrogen (N) losses, can be a viable alternative for the anticipation of topdressing for the moment of sowing, besides reducing operations for the rural producer. This study aimed to determine the effect of the period of application of enhanced-efficiency nitrogen fertilizers on the grain yield of corn and common bean in the Cerrado region in the direct seeding system. The experiment was carried out during two crop seasons (2019/2020 and 2020/2021), under field conditions. The completely randomized blocks experimental design was used, being arranged in a 2x4+1 factorial, with four replicates. Treatments consisted of the combination of the following two periods of nitrogen application: at sowing and recommended (four open leaves of corn and third trefoil in beans); and of the four following types of nitrogen fertilizers: 1. urea + NBPT + Zeolite; 2. urea + B + Cu + Zeolite; 3. Super N; and 4. Urea. Additionally, a control treatment (without N) was included. Nitrogen values for application in the treatments were adjusted so that 150 kg ha-1 N was applied to the corn, cultivated in summer, and 90 kg ha-1 N was applied to the common bean, cultivated in winter. It was concluded that nitrogen sources and period of nitrogen application did not affect corn grain yield, yield components, and common bean grain yield. The application of nitrogen in corn or common bean provided significant increases in crop grain yield.
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