Brucellosis and chlamydiosis seroprevalence in goats at livestock-wildlife interface areas of Zimbabwe

Bhandi, Solomon; Pfukenyi, Davies M.; Matope, Gift; Murondoti, Absolom; Tivapasi, Musavengana; Ndengu, Masimba; Scacchia, Massimo; Bonfini, Barbara; de Garine-Wichatitsky, Michel

Brucellosis and chlamydiosis seroprevalence in goats at livestock-wildlife interface areas of Zimbabwe

2019

Bhandi, Solomon(University of Zimbabwe Faculty of Veterinary Science Department of Clinical Veterinary Studies,Research Platform Production and Conservation in Partnership) | Pfukenyi, Davies M.(University of Zimbabwe Faculty of Veterinary Science Department of Clinical Veterinary Studies,Research Platform Production and Conservation in Partnership) | Matope, Gift(Research Platform Production and Conservation in Partnership ,University of Zimbabwe Faculty of Veterinary Science Department of Paraclinical Veterinary Studies) | Murondoti, Absolom(University of Zimbabwe Faculty of Veterinary Science Department of Clinical Veterinary Studies) | Tivapasi, Musavengana(University of Zimbabwe Faculty of Veterinary Science Department of Clinical Veterinary Studies,Research Platform Production and Conservation in Partnership) | Ndengu, Masimba(University of Zimbabwe Faculty of Veterinary Science Department of Clinical Veterinary Studies,Research Platform Production and Conservation in Partnership) | Scacchia, Massimo(The Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Abruzzo and Molise) | Bonfini, Barbara(The Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Abruzzo and Molise) | de Garine-Wichatitsky, Michel(Research Platform Production and Conservation in Partnership ,Kasetsart University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine)

In Zimbabwe, there have been no chlamydiosis and limited brucellosis studies in goats. This study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors of the two diseases in goats at three different livestock-wildlife interface areas: porous, non-porous and non-interface in the south-eastern lowveld of Zimbabwe. Collected sera (n = 563) were tested for Brucella antibodies using the Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) and the complement fixation test (CFT); and for Chlamydia abortus antibodies using the CFT. All tested goats were negative for Brucella antibodies. Overall, chlamydial seroprevalence was 22%. The porous [c² = 9.6, odds ratio (OR) = 2.6, p = 0.002] and non-porous (c² = 37.5, OR = 5.8, p < 0.00001) interfaces were approximately three and six times more likely to be chlamydial seropositive than the non-interface area, respectively. Chlamydial seroprevalence was not associated with sex (c² = 0.5, OR = 1.2, p = 0.5), abortion history in female goats (c² = 0.7, OR = 1.3, p = 0.4), keeping goats with cattle (c² = 0.2, OR = 1.5, p = 0.7) or flock size (c² = 0.03, OR = 1.4, p = 0.9). Our study provides the first serological evidence of chlamydiosis in goats in Zimbabwe and the results suggest that proximity to wildlife is associated with increased chlamydial seropositivity. Further studies are required to determine the role of chlamydial infection on goat reproductive failure and that of wildlife on C. abortus transmission to domestic ruminants.

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