Optimization of pressurized ethanol extraction of common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale L.) flowers
2023
Leveckyte, Janina | Kitryte-Syrpa, Vaida
Common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale L.) has been traditionally used for various medicinal purposes, including as a natural diuretic, to support liver function, and to treat digestive problems. T. officinale flowers is of particular interest, since those contain a variety of biologically active compounds, such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, sesquiterpene lactones, and polysaccharides, exerting strong anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer properties. The purpose of this study was to obtain valuable antioxidant constituent-rich fractions from T. officinale flowers by pressurized ethanol extraction (PLE-EtOH). Central composite design and response surface methodology were employed to investigate the effect of selected PLE-EtOH parameters (temperature, extraction time per one cycle and number of cycles) on PLE-EtOH yield, in vitro antioxidant activity, total flavonoid, and β-carotene content. From 12.8 to 29.8 g 100 gE−1 of polar fraction was obtained within the selected PLE-EtOH operability region (40–80 °C, 5–15 min per cycle, 1–3 cycles). The produced extracts proved to have particular in vitro antioxidant activity (TPC: 40.6–54.5 mg GAE gE−1 extract; TEACCUPRAC: 59.3–115.9 g TE gE−1 extract), and high content of β-carotene (2.5–6.4 mg β-carotene gE−1 extract). Such dandelion flower PLE-EtOH extracts could find multipurpose applications in the food, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmetics industries, for example developing dermatological phytopreparations (lotions, creams, or ointments) to soothe skin irritation or inflammation.
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