Évaluation in vitro de l’activité antibactérienne des extraits aqueux et organiques des graines de Nigella sativa L. et de Foeniculum vulgare Mill | In Vitro Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Aqueous and Organic Extracts of Nigella sativa L. and Foeniculum vulgare Mill. seeds
2014
Ennadir, J. | Hassikou, R. | Bouazza, F. | Arahou, M. | Al Askari, G. | Khedid, K.
In this study, we evaluated the antibacterial activity of organic and aqueous extracts of two medicinal plants, Nigella sativa L. and Foeniculum vulgare Mill., with solvents in increasing polarity as follows: hexane, acetone and methanol. Dilution technique in liquid medium was used for the determination of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericide concentration (MBC). The research involved 10 bacterial strains implicated in several human infections (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Leclercia, Pantoea, Enterobacter spp, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter agglomerans, Serratia, Hafnia alvei, Staphylococcus aureus resistant to methicillin (MRSA) and Listeria innocua). The calculation yields extractions showed that the best performance is obtained with the hexane extract with 14.9 % and 8.4 % for Nigella sativa L. and Foeniculum vulgare Mill. respectively. In addition, the results showed that all organic extracts displayed antibacterial activity on bacteria. MIC testing revealed levels of action variables according to the strains. Nigella sativa L. on the methanol extract was the most active followed by acetone extract with MIC ranging from 25 μg/ml to 50 μg/ml and finally hexane extract with MIC ranging from 25 μg/ml to 100 μg/ml. On Foeniculum vulgare Mill., all organic extracts revealed MIC ranging from 12.5 μg/ml to 50 μg/ml. The determination of the MBC showed that extracts of the two plants studied had a bactericidal effect with the exception of the extract of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. hexane that presented a bacteriostatic effect on Enterobacter agglomerans and MRSA.
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