Monitoring the size and metabolic activity of the bacterial community during biostimulation of fuel-contaminated soil using competitive PCR and RT-PCR
2001
Ka, J.O. | Yu, Z. | Mohn, W.W.
Efforts to understand and improve soil bioremediation are limited by our ability to determine how treatment variables affect microbial communities. A method was developed to monitor the density and metabolic activity of the total bacterial community in soil. This method was used to monitor the bacterial community in microcosms of Arctic soil after addition of N plus P to stimulate biodegradation of hydrocarbon contaminants. During 29 days of incubation, the total petroleum hydrocarbon level in the soil was reduced from 850 to 360 microgram/g of soil. DNA and RNA were extracted from soil using a bead beating method, purified by ammonium acetate precipitation, and assayed by competitive PCR and RT-PCR assays with universal bacterial primers. The copy number of 16S rDNA in the soil microbial community was relatively stable and ranged from 1.7 x 10(9) to 4.5 x 10(9)/g of soil throughout the incubation. The copy number of 16S rRNA changed substantially and ranged from 5.6 x 10(10) to 1.0 x 10(12)/g of soil. The rRNA:rDNA ratio was highest during the phase of fastest hydrocarbon biodegradation. These results suggest that the treatment to stimulate hydrocarbon biodegradation did not substantially change the density of the bacterial community but did transiently increase its overall metabolic activity.
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