Age and seasonal variation and establishment of reference intervals for water-soluble vitamins determined by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
2022
Tong, Wei-Wei | Tong, Guang-Hui | Yang, Meng-Han | Qin, Xiao-Song
We aimed to establish reference intervals for water-soluble vitamins determined by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to improve the diagnosis of vitamin deficiency and outcomes of associated conditions. In this retrospective analysis of 24 810 specimens, we aimed to examine sex-, age-, and season-related variations in vitamin levels in different groups, set reference-value intervals for vitamin levels, and evaluate these reference values against those recommended by manufacturers. Levels of vitamins B₃, B₅, B₆, B₇, and B₁₂ were higher, and those of vitamins B₂, B₉, and C were lower, in men than in women. There were seasonal variations in levels of vitamins B₁, B₃, B₅, B₆, B₉, B₁₂, and C. Levels of vitamins B₁, B₂, B₃, B₅, B₆, B₇, B₉, and C differed across age groups; vitamin B₁ displayed significant differences between ages 0 to 14 years and adults compared with reference change values. The lower limits of vitamins B₁ (ages 15–100 y), B₂, B₃, B₇, and C were lower, and that of vitamin B₅ was higher, than the recommended reference values. Finally, the upper limits of vitamins B₁, B₃, B₅, B₆, and B₇ were lower than the recommended values. For values obtained using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, the lower limits of reference intervals for vitamins B₁ (ages 15–100 y), B₂, B₃, B₇, and C should be lowered, that of vitamin B₅ should be raised, and the upper limits of reference intervals for vitamins B₁, B₃, B₅, B₆, and B₇ should be lowered.
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