Yield and evapotranspiration of two barley varieties as affected by sodium chloride salinity and leaching fraction in lysimeter tanks
1996
Khan, M.J. | Glenn, E.P.
Two barley varieties (California Mariout and Gustoe), differing in putative salt tolerance, were grown in lysimeter tanks containing 1 m3 of sandy loam soil in a greenhouse experiment in Tucson, Arizona. The varieties were subjected to three salinity treatments (0, 150, and 250 mol/m3 NaCl) and two leaching fractions (LF) (0.2 and 0.4). Mariout, a reportedly salt-tolerant, high straw variety, yielded more grain and biomass than the semi-dwarf variety, Gustoe, across salinity treatments, but slopes of growth responses to salinity were similar. Mariout grain yields on control solution were the equivalent of 4.8-5.3 t/ha, similar to good open field yields of this variety. Gustoe yields were lower, 3.5-4.1 t/ha. Salinity reduced Mariout yields to 4 t/ha on 150 mol/m3 and this was judged to be the highest irrigation salinity which will produce economic yields of this variety. The saturated soil extract (ECe) in the root zone at this salinity was 11.8 dS/m. For both varieties, biomass and grain yields were reduced by 2.4-3.1% for each 1 dS/m increase in ECe, and ECe's producing 50% yield reduction of biomass or grain ranged from 17-21 dS/m. Increasing the LF increased biomass and grain production by both varieties, especially on 150 mol/m3 treatment, but did not reduce ECe as much as expected. Adding additional water as a LF increased the amount of evapotranspiration rather than reducing ECe.
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