Arbutus unedo L. leaves as source of phytochemicals with bioactive properties
2012
Malheiro, Ricardo | Sá, Olga | Pereira, Eric | Aguiar, Cristina | Baptista, Paula | Pereira, José Alberto
In recent years the strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.) is being gradually replaced by other species with higher economic value. With the ultimate goal of selecting superior genotypes, the present work was initiated to study the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, and total phenolic content in 19 different genotypes of A. unedo leaves from the Trás-os-Montes region of Portugal. The genotype Bragança 1 contains higher total phenolic content (215.0mg GAE/gₑₓₜᵣₐcₜ) whereas the Vila Boa 4 genotype shows lower total phenolic content (148.0mg GAE/gₑₓₜᵣₐcₜ). In both methods tested to evaluate the antioxidant activity, Vila Verde and Donai displayed the highest antioxidant capacity (EC₅₀ values of 0.088 and 0.090mg/mL, respectively, for DPPH; EC₅₀ values of 0.233 and 0.245mg/mL, respectively, for reducing power assay) while Vila Boa 2 reported the lowest antioxidant potential (EC₅₀ values of 0.142 and 0.378mg/mL, respectively, in DPPH and reducing power methods). Linear negative correlations were established between the total phenol contents and the EC₅₀ values for both of the antioxidant activity methods tested. Preliminary assays for antimicrobial potential showed that extracts from A. unedo leaves display antibacterial activity, with MIC values of 1 and 5mg/mL for some Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, respectively. Taken together, the results suggest that A. unedo leaves are a potential source of natural compounds with valuable bioactive properties that could be explored by the pharmaceutical, chemical and food industries.
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