Schinus terebinthifolia leaf lectin (SteLL) is an immunomodulatory agent by altering cytokine release by mice splenocytes
2020
dos Santos, Ardilles Juan Carlos Alves | da Silva Barros, Bárbara Rafaela | de Souza Aguiar, Lethícia Maria | de Siqueira Patriota, Leydianne Leite | de Albuquerque Lima, Thâmarah | Zingali, Russolina Benedeta | Paiva, Patrícia Maria Guedes | Napoleão, Thiago Henrique | de Melo, Cristiane Moutinho Lagos | Pontual, Emmanuel Viana
Schinus terebinthifolia leaf lectin (SteLL) was reported to be an antimicrobial and antitumor agent. In this work, we evaluated the immunomodulatory activity of SteLL on mice splenocytes and also determined its native molecular mass and putative sequence similarities with plant proteins. The effects of SteLL (12.5 μg/mL) on viability, cytosolic Ca²⁺ concentration ([Ca²⁺]cyₜ), cytosolic and mitochondrial levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨm) of mice splenocytes were determined. In addition, the culture supernatants were collected for quantification of interleukins (IL), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and nitric oxide (NO). SteLL showed a native molecular mass of 12.4 kDa and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) ions search revealed similarities with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase and F1-ATPase from plants (4% and 6% coverage, respectively). SteLL was not toxic to splenocytes, did not alter the [Ca²⁺]cyₜ and ROS levels, and slightly reduced ΔΨm. The presence of SteLL stimulated the cells to release pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-17A, TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-2) and also of IL-4, an anti-inflammatory cytokine that can prevent exacerbated inflammation. SteLL induced decrease in the secretion of NO. In conclusion, SteLL has biotechnological potential as an immunomodulator agent for use in studies employing cultures of immune cells. In addition, the anti-infectious and antitumor properties of the leaves may involve the immunomodulation property of SteLL.
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