Effect of calcium chloride on heavy metal induced alteration in growth and nitrate assimilation of Sesamum indicum seedlings
1996
Bharti, N. | Singh, R.P. | Sinha, S.K.
In the early growth phase of Sesamum indicum cv. PB-1, the decrease in fresh and dry mass was higher with 1.0 mM Cd2+ than with the same level of Pb2+ and Cu2+. Recovery from the metal stress was considerable in the root fresh weight and almost completely in the root dry weight when 10.0 mM (1.9 EC), calcium chloride was supplied to the growing seedlings along with the metal salts in various combinations. Accumulation of Pb2+, Cd2+ and Cu2+ was differential to the metals and the plant parts when supplied without or with 10.0 mM calcium chloride. The order of endogenous metal accumulation was Cu2+ > Cd2+ > Pb2+ and roots accumulated more metal than the leaves in the absence, as well as in the presence, of calcium chloride. Calcium chloride could recover loss of in vivo NRA in roots caused by either of the metal combinations, whereas the salt could recover the loss in leaf NRA caused only by Pb2+ -Cd2+ (1.0 mM each). Response of root and leaf NRA was on the other hand, different when the enzyme was assayed directly using an in vitro assay method, and the salt accelerated the loss in enzyme activity drastically. The organic-N content of root and leaf was, however, increased significantly (p < 0.001) with calcium chloride alone and with the metals supplied in various combinations. Our data indicate that instead of a high endogenous accumulation of Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb2+ in roots and leaves the metal toxicity is recovered to a great extent in the presence of 10.0 mM calcium chloride in the root environment regarding growth and nitrate reduction of the roots and leaves of young sesame seedlings.
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