Orchid improvement in Chinese Taipei
2014
Chin, S.W. | Cheng, TC | Chen, F.C.
Several economically important orchid genera and some other minor ones have been explored in Chinese Taipei for moderate to large scale production. Among them, Doritaenopsis, Phalaenopsis, Cattleya, Oncidium alliance and Paphiopedilum are emphasized by the orchid industry for both domestic and foreign markets. Chinese Taipei exports large quantities of Phalaenopsis young and flowering plants to many countries, such as Japan, USA, and the EU. Notably Phalaenopsis pot plants grown with sphagnum moss in certified greenhouses can be exported to the USA upon obtaining permission, which makes the annual export values increase steadily. Nobile Dendrobium is also being considered as a potential new potted orchid crop for the international market due to the feasibility of flower induction by low temperature for scheduled production. To maintain international market competitiveness, new hybrids or cultivars protection is utmost important in the target markets. One can now apply for breeder’s right in Chinese Taipei as well as to The Netherlands, in addition to applying the plant protection in the USA. Chinese Taipei’s government has passed the Variety Protection Act since 1988 and many new orchid cultivars have been increasingly applied for protection every year. To select a new orchid hybrid, in vitro seed germination and micropropagation for clonal production of planting propagules for export are emphasized by the industry, in addition to the government supported academic research towards industry-based problem solving studies. In the meanwhile, hybridization barrier may prevent efficient development of novel hybrids. Pollen meiotic analysis and pollination will be used as clues to look for a better strategy to overcome hybridization barriers in Phalaenopsis and nobile Dendrobium orchids.
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