Heterosis for morpho-physiological and qualitative traits in rice
2010
Kumar, Sanjeev | Singh, H.B. | Sharma, J.K. | Sood, Salej
The extent of heterosis was studied in a set of 36 hybrids generated from a 9 x 9 diallel mating design excluding reciprocals involving nine promising genotypes HPR1164, HPR2047, China 988, VL91–1754, VL93–3613, VL93–6052, IR57893-08, VL Dhan221 and JD8 of diverse nature maintained in pure form. Out of 36 hybrids, twelve showed significant heterosis for majority of the traits identified. In general, the estimates of heterosis values were low for quality traits when compared with yield and morpho-physiological traits. Nine hybrids exhibited positive and significant heterosis over standard check but seven over better parents for grain yield plant⁻¹. Standard heterosis and heterobeltiosis for grain yield ranged from 14.12 to 65.32% and 22.59 to 65.32%, respectively. The hybrid HPR 2047xJD8 which recorded 65.32% higher grain yield over both better parent and standard check was identified as the best hybrid for exploiting hybrid vigor. In order of merit (standard heterosis) HPR 2047xJD8 (65.32%), VL93–3613 x IR 57893-08 (60.05%) and VL93–6052 x VL Dhan (54.94%) were recorded to be the three best performing hybrids for grain yield plant⁻¹. The higher yield by these hybrids could be due to more panicle length, netassimilation rate, leaf area index, dry matter, harvest index and 100 grain weight. These crosses may be used in future breeding programmes for development of high yielding hybrids and varieties. The cross combinations VL91–1754 x VL93–3613, VL91–1754 xJD8 and VL933613xJD8 recorded desirable heterosis over both better parent and standard check for grain quality as well as grain yield plant⁻¹.
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