Present and past status of Indian agriculture
2018
Sharma, Avinash | Sutradhar, Monoj | Monlai, Sheelawati | Kumari, Nirupa
The background of review has discussed about present positions and past positions of Agriculture. It mentions about area, production, productivity, soils, farm machine & tools, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), climate, rainfall and water of present and past agriculture. The area and productivity of 2013–14 are higher than area or production of 2015–16. The food grains production of 2013–14 is 12.96 mt higher than food grains production of 2015–16. The 173.65 mha is degraded soil in out of 328.9 mha of geographical areas of India. The soil degradation is reported 53 billion tonnes annually in India. America developed first farm machines and tools factory in 19ᵗʰ century and they served gas-powered tractors and harvesters to farmers.. The farm machine and tools subsidy of 2013–14 is 30% lesser than farm machine and tools of 2015–16. The carbon dioxide level was 397–416 ppm and is 371 ppm of present period. The temperature was elevated 0.12°C and 1.02°C or 1–1.4°C and 2.23–2.87°C are raised into current period. The agriculture GDP of 2013–14 was 13.9% and of 2015–16 is 15.9%. The rainfall efficiency is dependent on precipitation. The rainfall events with precipitation were more than 100mm between 1950–2000 years. The long term rainfall is below 10% then the rainfall scarcity is found in the environment. The long term rainfall of 2013–14 to 2015–16 is below 10%. The ground water utilization has been increased after 195051 years. The total utilization of groundwater is 50% in India. The annual consumption of ground water is 245 billion cubic meters.
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