Influence of Soil Compaction on Trifluralin Phytotoxicity to Corn
1985
Martin, Andrew G. | Jordan, Thomas N. | Steinhardt, Gary C.
Little work has been published in the United States on the influence of soil compaction on increased herbicide phytotoxicity to crop seedling development. Yet, soil compaction on agricultural lands is an increasing problem, especially on certain soil types in the eastern Corn Belt region of the nation. In greenhouse studies, the effects of soil compaction of an Ockley silt loam (fine, silty, mixed, mesic Typic Hapludalf) treated with trifluralin (α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,Ndipropyl-p-toluidine) were determined on the root and shoot development of corn. The compaction was established by compacting to the desired bulk densities 750 g soil in 600 mL stainless steel pots with a hydraulic press. Three rates of trifluralin (0, 0.38, and 0.79 µmol kg⁻¹) reduced secondary root development by 60% as the bulk density increased up to 1.66 g cm⁻³. Visual ratings of the characteristic swollen root tip injury indicated that increasing the soil bulk density from 1.50 to 1.66 g cm⁻³ resulted in an increased number of malformed roots at all herbicide rates. When compaction was made throughout the entire soil profile, the average day for emergence increased from 5.0 to 6.2 days as bulk densities increased from 1.10 to 1.66 g cm⁻³.
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