Effects of source of dietary neutral detergent fiber on chewing behavior in beef cattle fed pelleted concentrates with or without supplemental roughage
1992
Ten 394-kg, ruminally fistulated Hereford steers were used in a replicated 5 X 5 Latin square design to evaluate the effects of source and level of dietary NDF on chewing activities during eating and rumination. Diets contained 62 to 64% TDN and included 1) 80% pelleted concentrate (control; contained ground grains, fibrous byproducts, molasses, and protein, vitamin, and mineral supplements; 36% NDF, 16% CP) and 20% long timothy hay (67% NDF, 8% CP), 2) 80% control concentrate and 20% alfalfa cubes (56% NDF, 15% CP), 3) 90% control concentrate and 10% alfalfa cubes, 4) a completely pelleted diet using corn cobs as the primary NDF source (40% NDF, 17% CP), and 5) 80% textured (coarse instead of ground grains; 42% NDF, 15% CP) concentrate and 20% hay. Diets were formulated to be similar in NDF content, and dietary protein satisfied NRC recommendations. Chewing during eating did not differ (P > .10) between diets containing supplemental roughage but decreased (P < .001) with the corn cob diet. Rumination chewing decreased (P < .001) with the corn cob and cube diets. The number of chews per day during eating corrected for NDF intake/BW.75 decreased (P < .05) in the corn cob diet. Rumination periods and duration increased and latency before rumination decreased in hay diets. Steers fed the corn cob diet tended to be more (P < .10) consistent in time spent eating across 4-h intervals than steers fed the traditional diet. Replacement of long hay with the completely pelleted corn cob diet decreased rumination activity.
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