Utilization of Algal Waste Biomass-Derived Biochar Prepared by a Microwave-Assisted Method for Aniline Green Adsorption
2022
Gümüş, Fatih
In this study, environmentally friendly activated biochar was produced from the wastes of the algal biodiesel industry (Gongolaria barbata (Stackhouse) Kuntze) using a microwave-assisted method. It was used as an adsorbent to remove hazardous aniline green dye from wastewater. The biochar, activated with phosphoric acid (BCH) was prepared in one step by a microwave-assisted method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), pHₚzc (pH at point of zero charges), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) techniques were used for the characterization of the adsorbent. The activated biochar presented a micropore volume of 0.181 cm³ g⁻¹ and SBET of 1089 m² g⁻¹. The effects of contact time, pH, and adsorbent amount on the adsorption were investigated. The optimal condition for the maximum adsorption of aniline green (AG) was found as pH (7.0), adsorbent amount (1 g L⁻¹), equilibrium time (40 min), and pollutant concentration (50 mg L⁻¹). The maximum removal percentage was proved to be 99.9% of AG removal. Analyses of experimental data were discussed using nonlinear model equations. The isotherm model can be well described by the Freundlich model. The pseudo-second-order model was suitable for the adsorption kinetics. The reusability ability of BCH for AG dye uptake was found to be 88.3% and 71.6%, for the 50 and 100 mg L⁻¹ pollutant concentrations, respectively, after the third cycle. Three cycles of adsorption and desorption showed that activated biochar is reusable. The economic analysis based on electricity consumption proved that the prepared adsorbent is suitable for large-scale use.
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