Bone-marrow mononuclear cells reduce neurodegeneration in hippocampal CA1 layer after transient global ischemia in rats
2013
Ramos, Alane Bernardo | Vasconcelos-dos-Santos, Andréia | Lopes de Souza, Sergio Augusto | Rosado-de-Castro, Paulo Henrique | Barbosa da Fonseca, Lea Mirian | Gutfilen, Bianca | Cintra, Wagner Monteiro | Mendez-Otero, Rosalia
Global cerebral ischemia (GCI) results in death of the pyramidal neurons in the CA1 layer of the hippocampus. In this study we used the four-vessel occlusion (4VO) model of GCI to investigate a potential neuroprotective role of bone-marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) transplantation. BMMCs (3×10⁷) were injected through the carotid artery, 1 or 3 days after ischemia (DAI), and the number of cells undergoing degeneration was investigated in brains at 7 DAI. A significant decrease in the number of dying cells was observed in the treated group, compared to animals treated with saline. Biodistribution of the injected cells (1 or 3 DAI) was investigated by ⁹⁹ᵐTechnetium labeling of the BMMCs and subsequent image analysis 2h after transplantation. In addition, the presence of CellTrace™-labeled BMMCs was investigated in tissue sections of the hippocampal area of these transplanted animals. BMMCs treatment significantly reduced the number of FJ-C positive cells in the hippocampal CA1 layer at 7 DAI. We also observed a decrease in the number of activated microglia/macrophage (ED1-positive cells) in the BMMCs-treated group compared with the untreated group. Our data show that BMMCs are able to modulate the microglial response and reduce neurodegeneration in the CA1 layer.
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