Quantitative analysis of the flavonoid content of commercial tomatoes, onions, lettuce, and celery
1997
Crozier, A. | Lean, M.E.J. | McDonald, M.S. | Black, C.
Quantitative estimates of conjugated flavonoid content were obtained by using HPLC to analyze the level of free flavonoids present in acid-hydrolyzed extracts from commercial fruits and vegetables. Cherry tomatoes contained 17-203 micrograms of quercetin g-1 fresh weight compared to 2.2-11 micrograms g-1 detected in normal-sized Scottish, Spanish, and Dutch beef tomatoes. The quercetin levels in onions ranged from 185 to 634 micrograms of quercetin g-1 fresh weight. "Round" lettuce contained 11 micrograms of quercetin g-1 fresh weight compared to 911 micrograms g-1 in the outer leaves and 450 mg g-1 in the inner leaves of "Lollo Rosso" lettuce. The conjugated flavonoid content of celery was very variable, ranging from undetectable to 40 micrograms of luteolin and 191 micrograms of apigenin g-1 fresh weight. Cooking lowered the quercetin content of both tomatoes and onions with greater reductions being detected following microwaving and boiling than after frying.
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