The effect of 2,2′,4,4′-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) on locomotor behaviour and muscle physiology of the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Zhuo, Pengji; Ding, Kui; Deng, Beini; Lai, Kaiqi; Zhang, Shuangli; Zhang, Libin; Yang, Hongsheng

The effect of 2,2′,4,4′-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) on locomotor behaviour and muscle physiology of the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

2022

The 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) is the predominant congener of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, and it is also a persistent organic pollutant that with a higher detection rate in samples from environment and animals. To date, there have been few studies of the effects of BDE-47 on locomotion in sea cucumbers. In this study, we investigated the influence of different concentrations of BDE-47 (low: 0.1 μg/L; moderate: 1.0 μg/L; high: 10.0 μg/L) on locomotion of Apostichopus japonicus and evaluated changes in their muscle physiology using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The behavioural studies showed that the average and maximum velocity of movement decreased significantly in both the moderate and high BDE-47 groups after 1 day of exposure. In addition, levels of 55 metabolites were identified and characterized in the longitudinal muscle of A. japonicus exposed to BDE-47. The alteration of taurine and norepinephrine levels indicated that BDE-47 had drastic physiological effects on the longitudinal muscle of A. japonicus.

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