Potassium acetate solution as a promising option to osmotic distillation for sour cherry (<i>Prunus cerasus</i> L.) juice concentration
2014
Rácz, G. | Alam, M. R. | Arekatte, Ch. K. | Albert, K. | Papp, N. | Stefanovits-Bányai, É | Russo, P. | DiMatteo, M. | Vatai, Gy
Different osmotic agents (OA), such as potassium acetate (CH<sub>3</sub>COOK), potassium carbonate (K<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>) and ammonium nitrate (NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub>), have been examined as alternatives to the traditionally used calcium chloride (CaCl<sub>2</sub>) for osmotic distillation concentrating of clarified and pre-concentrated sour cherry (<i>Prunus cerasus</i> L.) juice. Comparison of the process performances based on the permeate fluxes has been carried out. Regarding the permeate flux results, simplified estimation of the overall mass transfer coefficient of the most effective osmotic agent and the reference (CaCl<sub>2</sub>) solution has been also performed. Furthermore, analytical methods such as total antioxidant activity (TAA) and total polyphenolic content (TPC) using spectrophotometric assays have been also carried out to evaluate the effect of the osmotic distillation on the valuable compounds content of concentrated sour cherry juice. CH<sub>3</sub>COOK was found to be the most effective, resulted more than 25% higher permeate flux during the sour cherry juice concentration. K<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> and NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub> were less effective. The simplified mass transfer estimation showed that the CH<sub>3</sub>COOK is more effective only at near saturated concentrations compared to the CaCl<sub>2</sub>. Regarding the TAA and TPC contents, a significant loss was found in case of all OAs during the concentration procedures.
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