Growth, Flowering and Physiological Response of Trachyspermum ammi L. to Zinc Oxide Micro- and Nanoparticles
2022
Mazaheri-Tirani, M. | Dayani, S.
The present study investigated the effect of nano/microparticles zinc oxide (ZnO-NPs/MPs) on root, vegetative, and flowering induction in medicinal plant Trachyspermum ammi. Powdered ZnO-NPs/MPs were added to soil in concentrations 0, 250, 500, and 1000 mg kg–¹. Plants root/shoot weight and length, water content, umbellate and flowers, chlorophyll, carotenoid, oxidants (H₂O₂, MDA), antioxidants (anthocyanin, phenolics, SOD) were measured. Shoots appeared to be more sensitive to NPs than MPs treatments. ZnO NPs/MPs treatments caused a more consistent result on water content. ZnO-NPs/MPs 500, and 1000 mg kg–¹ resulted in toxic responses. ZnO-NPs toxicity effects on growth parameters were more significant than that of MPs, especially on chlorophyll. The decrease in phenolic compound was compensated with increased anthocyanin content under ZnO-NPs/MPs. Both forms of ZnO at all concentrations resulted in zinc content increase compared with the control. ZnO-NPs/MPs 250 mg kg–¹ increased plant fresh/dry weight and length of shoots and roots, total chlorophyll, protein and zinc content while reduced oxidant contents. Plants revealed stressed conditions while preferred a non-enzymatic response under NPs. plants’ zinc content under NPs was almost similar to micro-treatments. NPs at lower concentrations induced vegetative growth but had a negative effect at higher concentrations. MPs reduced root growth while increased flowering induction.
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