Geochemical and isotopic evidence on the recharge and circulation of geothermal water in the Tangshan Geothermal System near Nanjing, China: implications for sustainable development

Lu, Lianghua; Pang, Zhonghe; Kong, Yanlong; Guo, Qi; Wang, Yingchun; Xu, Chenghua; Gu, Wen; Zhou, Lingling; Yu, Dandan

Geochemical and isotopic evidence on the recharge and circulation of geothermal water in the Tangshan Geothermal System near Nanjing, China: implications for sustainable development | Evidences géochimiques et isotopiques de la recharge et des circulations d’eau géothermale dans le Système Géothermal de Tangshan près de Nanjing, chine: implications pour le développement durable Evidencia geoquímica e isotópica sobre la recarga y circulación de agua geotérmica en el Sistema Geotérmico de Tangshan cerca de Nanjing, China: implicancias para el desarrollo sostenible 南京附近汤山地热系统地热水补给源与循环的地球化学和同位素证据:对可持续开发的启示 Evidências geoquímicas e isotópicas na recarga e circulação geotermal da água no Sistema Geotérmico Tangshan próximo a Nanjing, China: implicações para o desenvolvimento sustentável

2018

Geothermal resources are practical and competitive clean-energy alternatives to fossil fuels, and study on the recharge sources of geothermal water supports its sustainable exploitation. In order to provide evidence on the recharge source of water and circulation dynamics of the Tangshan Geothermal System (TGS) near Nanjing (China), a comprehensive investigation was carried out using multiple chemical and isotopic tracers (δ²H, δ¹⁸O, δ³⁴S, ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr, δ¹³C, ¹⁴C and ³H). The results confirm that a local (rather than regional) recharge source feeds the system from the exposed Cambrian and Ordovician carbonate rocks area on the upper part of Tangshan Mountain. The reservoir temperature up to 87 °C, obtained using empirical as well as theoretical chemical geothermometers, requires a groundwater circulation depth of around 2.5 km. The temperature of the geothermal water is lowered during upwelling as a consequence of mixing with shallow cold water up to a 63% dilution. The corrected ¹⁴C age shows that the geothermal water travels at a very slow pace (millennial scale) and has a low circulation rate, allowing sufficient time for the water to become heated in the system. This study has provided key information on the genesis of TGS and the results are instructive to the effective management of the geothermal resources. Further confirmation and even prediction associated with the sustainability of the system could be achieved through continuous monitoring and modeling of the responses of the karstic geothermal reservoir to hot-water mining.

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