Pilot Scale Facility to Determine Gaseous Emissions from Livestock Slurry during Storage
2009
Petersen, Søren O. | Skov, Morten | Drøscher, Per | Adamsen, Anders P. S.
Livestock production is a growing source of air pollution, locally and to the wider environment. Improved livestock manure management has the potential to reduce environmental impacts, but there is a need for methodologies to precisely quantify emissions. This paper describes and evaluates a novel storage facility for livestock slurry consisting of eight 6.5-m³ cylindrical units. The stores may be equipped with airtight covers and ventilated during storage or during measurement only. Each store has eight air inlets (160 mm diameter) and a single outlet in the cover connected to a main ventilation duct. The stores can also be used as static enclosures. Ventilation can be regulated within the range of 50 to 250 m³ h⁻¹ A gas sampling line enables sampling of odorants using automatic thermal desorption tubes, ammonia using acid traps, and greenhouse gases using gas sampling bags (pooled samples) or a syringe (time point samples). Complete recovery of CH₄ independent of ventilation rate was demonstrated. Vertical profiles of CO₂ and CH₄ above the slurry surface with and without ventilation and mixing of the headspace indicated methane oxidation activity in the surface crust. p-Cresol and 4-ethyl phenol emission from pig slurry was identified by GC-MS analysis of odor collected on adsorption tubes. Ammonia emissions between 0 and 166 mg N m⁻² h⁻¹ were observed during storage of pig slurry with and without surface crust and cover. A comparison of pooled and averaged time point measurements of CO₂, CH₄, and N₂O indicated that pooled samples account for the diurnal variations under realistic storage conditions.
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