Activity of the chelerythrine, a quaternary benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloid from Chelidonium majus L. on Dactylogyrus intermedius
2011
Li, Xi-Lian | Yao, Jia-Yun | Zhou, Zhi-Ming | Shen, Jin-Yu | Ru, Hong-shun | Liu, Xiao-Lin
Dactylogyrus intermedius is a significant monogenean parasite on the gills of cyprinid fishes and can cause severe economic losses in aquaculture and ornamental fish breeding. In the present study, bioactivity-guide fractionation was employed to identify active compound from Chelidonium majus L. against D. intermedius. In vivo anthelmintic activity of petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and n-butanol extracts of C. majus were tested. Among them, only the n-butanol extract exhibited promising anthelmintic efficacy, and therefore subjected to the further isolation and purification using various chromatographic techniques. A compound showing potent activity was obtained and identified by hydrogen, carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum and electron ionization mass spectrometry as chelerythrine. In vivo anthelmintic efficacy tests exhibited that chelerythrine was 100% effective against D. intermedius at a concentration of 1.60 mg L−1, with LC50 values of 0.68 mg L−1 after 48 h of exposure. The 48-h LC50 value (acute toxicity tests) of chelerythrine was found to be 3.59 mg L−1 for grass carp. These results provided evidence that chelerythrine can be selected as a lead compound for the development of new drugs against D. intermedius.
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