Sodium intoxication in a domestic rabbit
2020
Patson, Courtney | Sladky, Kurt K.
Background: Sodium chloride intoxication is commonly described in mammals, but there are no clinical reports of sodium chloride intoxication in a pet domestic rabbit. Case description: A pet domestic rabbit was presented for an acute onset of seizure-like activity, ataxia, vestibular-associated rolling, and obtunded mentation. The result of a computed tomography scan of the head was within normal limits and complete blood count revealed neutrophilia. Results of a serum biochemical profile included marked hypernatremia and elevated alanine aminotransferase. Subcutaneous fluids, oral fenbendazole, anti-inflammatory therapy, and assisted feedings were started while the cause of hypernatremia was investigated. Further discussion with owners revealed that the patient was provided a Himalayan salt rock, which was purchased from a pet store and promoted for improving the mood of a pet rabbit. This helped to confirm the cause of hypernatremia and a diagnosis of salt toxicity. The rabbit's clinical signs and serum sodium level resolved after 48 hours of supportive care. Conclusions and case relevance: This is the first report of sodium chloride toxicosis in a pet rabbit and should be considered as a differential diagnosis for acute onset of neurologic signs in rabbits. Clinicians should be aware of commercial salt products being marketed for rabbits.
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