Groundwater characterization and selection of suitable water type for irrigation in the western region of Bangladesh
2017
Tanvir Rahman, Mirza A. T. M. | Saadat, A. H. M. | Islam, Md Safiqul | Al-Mansur, Md Abdullah | Ahmed, Shamim
The main source of irrigation water in Bangladesh is groundwater, hence its quality needs to be ensured; otherwise, it can damage soil and reduce crop production. In current research, work by analyzing hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater different water types have been assessed to find out the suitable irrigation water of Godagari upazila in the western zone of Bangladesh. Studied parameters include pH, EC, TDS, K⁺, Na⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Fe²⁺, Cl⁻, Br⁻, NO₃ ⁻ and SO₄ ²⁻ along with sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), soluble sodium percentage (SSP), residual sodium bicarbonate (RSBC), permeability index (PI), magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR), Kelley’s ratio (KR), Mg:Ca and Na:Ca. XLSTAT and AquaChem software were used to perform factor analysis and determine water types of groundwater, respectively. The mean trends of cations and anions of the study area are Na⁺ > Ca²⁺ > Mg²⁺ > K⁺ > Fe²⁺ and Cl⁻ > HCO₃ ⁻ > SO₄ ²⁻ > NO₃ ⁻ where silicate-weathered minerals influence the groundwater quality of the study area. Except PI all parameters satisfy irrigation water standards. However, Na–Ca–Mg and Na–Ca–Cl types of water need to be under observation for any future changes since SSP is not satisfied for both of them and considering KR Na–Ca–Cl water type is not suited. Except these two groups, Ca–Na–Mg and Ca–Na–Mg–Cl water types are suitable for irrigation.
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