Lipids and carotenoids of wheat grain and flour and attempt of correlating them with digital image analysis of kernel surface and cross-sections
2004
Konopka, I. | Kozirok, W. | Rotkiewicz, D.
Free and bound non-polar lipids, glyco- and phospholipids and carotenoids of six Polish winter wheat varieties were analysed and correlated with kernels surface and cross-sections colour measured by digital image analysis. The content of total free lipids was in the range of 1617-1877 and 920-1050 mg in 100 g of wheat grain and flour, respectively, and was dominated by non-polar lipids. Free glycolipids occurred in the amount of 57-140 mg in 100 g of grain and 43-107 mg in 100 g of flour. The content of bound lipid fraction was lower than that of free lipids: 3.0-4.5-fold in grain and 1.9-3.2-fold in flour, and was dominated by phospholipids. Higher content of lutein, in most cases, was stated in flour, which points to its higher concentration in the wheat endosperm. Grain also contained minor (0.04-0.25 ppm) quantity of beta-carotene. It was found that both the content of free glycolipids and total content of free polar fraction of grain may be predicted on the basis of the colour measurement of kernels surface. It should be emphasised, however, that the highest correlation coefficient (r=0.91 and 0.94) was reported for the saturation in the HSI colour space. The colour of kernel cross-section was less correlated with the content of free glycolipids, and obtained the highest value for the b* coordinate (r=0.84).
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