Acute toxicity of organic antifouling biocides to phytoplankton Nitzschia pungens and zooplankton Artemia larvae

Jung, S.M.; Bae, J.S.; Kang, S.G.; Son, J.S.; Jeon, J.H.; Lee, H.J.; Jeon, J.Y.; Sidharthan, M.; Ryu, SH; Shin, H.W.

Acute toxicity of organic antifouling biocides to phytoplankton Nitzschia pungens and zooplankton Artemia larvae

2017

The toxicity of the antifouling biocides Irgarol 1051, Diuron, Chlorothalonil, Dichlofluanid, Sea-nine 211, Copper pyrithione, Zinc pyrithione, Ziram and Zineb were evaluated on Nitzschia pungens and Artemia larvae. Results showed that EC50 for Irgarol 1051 was 0.586μgl−1 was the strongest effect on N. pungens following by Copper pyrithione (4.908μgl−1), Ziram (5.421μgl−1), Zinc pyrithione (5.513μgl−1), Diuron (6.640μgl−1), Zineb (232.249μgl−1), Sea-nine 211(267.368μgl−1), Chlorothalonil (360.963μgl−1) and Dichlofluanid (377.010μgl−1) in 96h. In Artemia larvae, the biocides were evaluated the LC50 for larval survivals at 48h. Sea-nine 211 and Copper pyrithione were 0.318 and 0.319mgl−1. Chlorothalonil, Zinc pyrithione and Ziram were 2.683, 3.147 and 4.778mgl−1. Irgarol 1051, Diuron, Zineb and Dichlofluanid were 9.734, 30.573, 41.170 and 154.944mgl−1. These results provide baseline data concerning the toxicity of antifouling biocides against marine environment.

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