Genetic sizing optimization of residential multi-carrier energy systems: The aim of energy autarky and its cost
2023
Schmid, Fabian | Behrendt, Frank
The energy transition process fosters decentralized renewable energy generation and is characterized by an increased effort to achieve energy autarky. In this context, residential-size, photovoltaic-based multi-carrier energy systems using hydrogen as seasonal storage are analyzed as a possible solution to gain energy autarky. A high temporal (15 min) and long-term (10 a) power flow simulation approach is applied to a multi-objective optimization algorithm to minimize costs and grid energy feed-out. Approximate pareto-optimal system configurations are analyzed regarding system sizing, energy autarky, and economic performance for three residential building types and four European locations. Building type and location strongly influence the techno-economic feasibility of approximate pareto-optimal system configurations. Low-Energy-Houses are technically and economically most feasible to reach autarky, while Single-Family and Multi-Family-Houses show available PV energy as main restricting factor, which becomes especially problematic at high latitude locations. Under current economic constraints, no cost-competitive autarky system could be identified. Low Energy Houses show the lowest additional cost of 172% compared to a Base system at the low-seasonality location, but cost-competitiveness is possible under certain cost projections within a time horizon of 2030–2035. The developed energy system model is open-source and can be used for future research in this context.
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