Genetic diversity of glacier-inhabiting Cryobacterium bacteria in China and description of Cryobacterium zongtaii sp. nov. and Arthrobacter glacialis sp. nov
2018
Liu, Qing | Liu, Hong-Can | Zhou, Yu-Guang | Xin, Yu-Hua
Cryobacterium and Arthrobacter are members of Actinobacteria, and are often found in cold environments. In this study, 48 Cryobacterium strains, including 9 type strains and 39 new isolates collected from glaciers in China were subjected to multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Cryobacterium comprised four cold-adapted clusters. Also, 19 potential novel Cryobacterium species were found using 0.065 as the cut-off point of genetic distance between the concatenated gene sequences. Additionally, three Cryobacterium strains (TMN-42T, TMN-39-1 and TMB1-8) and two Arthrobacter strains (HLT2-12-2T, TMN-18) isolated from glaciers were subjected to taxonomic analysis. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, MLSA data and average nucleotide identity (ANI) values, they represented a novel Cryobacterium species and a novel Arthrobacter species. Specifically, strain TMN-42T was most closely related to the type strains of Cryobacterium arcticum and Cryobacterium psychrotolerans with 83.79% and 77.78% ANI values, respectively. The ANI values between strain HLT2-12-2T and its closely relatives Arthrobacter psychrochitiniphilus GP3T and Arthrobacter alpinus S6-3T were 76.66% and 77.94%, respectively. Therefore, we propose two novel species, Cryobacterium zongtaii sp. nov. (TMN-42T=CGMCC 1.9695T=NBRC 111591T) and Arthrobacter glacialis sp. nov. (HLT2-12-2T=CGMCC 1.10025T=NBRC 113092T).
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