Phytochemical and Antinociceptive Properties of Matayba elaeagnoides Radlk. Barks
2014
Souza, Michel Thomaz de | Buzzi, Fátima de Campos | Cechinel-Filho, Valdir | Hess, Sarai | Delle Monache, Franco | Niero, Rivaldo
A mixture of triterpenes named lupeol (1), α-amyrin (2), β-amyrin (3), and β-sitosterol (4) has been isolated from the hexane fraction of Matayba elaeagnoides. In addition, scopoletin (5), umbelliferone (6), 3β-O-d-glycopyranosyl-sitosterol (7) and betulin (8) were isolatedfrom the chloroform fraction. All the structures were identified by spectroscopic techniques in accordance with literature data. The extracts (hydroalcoholic and methanolic) and some fractions (hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and butanol) exerted promising antinociceptive effects in mice. In addition, we have tested the pure compound betulin (8). When analyzed against induced pain using the writhing test (3-10 mg kg⁻¹, i.p.), betulin showed a dosedependenteffect with a calculated ID₅₀ value of 7.74 (6.53-9.17) mg kg⁻¹ [17.5 (14.7-20.7)μmol kg⁻¹] and a maximal inhibition (MI) of 58.3% in relation to the control group. Whenevaluated in the formalin test (3-10 mg kg⁻¹, i.p.), this compound inhibited both phases ofpain (neurogenic and inflammatory pain), with calculated ID₅₀ values of 18.3 (17.7-18.9)and 8.3 (7.7-8.9) mg kg⁻¹ [41.5 (38.4-42.7) and 18.8 (17.6-19.9) μmol kg⁻¹] and maximalinhibition of 40.8 and 64.39% for the first and second phases, respectively. Using the samemodels, this compound was several times more active than two clinically used drugs, namelyaspirin and paracetamol, suggesting that its main active principle is related to the antinociceptiveeffect found for the chloroform fraction of M. elaeagnoids barks
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