HERITABLE TISSUE CULTURE INDUCED GENETIC VARIATION IN SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) AS A TOOL FOR CROP IMPROVEMENT / LA VARIACIÓN GENÉTICA HEREDABLE CREADA POR EL CULTIVO DE TEJIDO COMO MEDIO PARA LA MEJORA GENÉTICA DE GIRASOL (Helianthus annuus L.) / VARIATION GÉNÉTIQUE TRANSMISSIBLE CRÉÉE PAR LA CULTURE DE TISSU EN TANT QUE MOYEN D’AMÉLIORER LE TOURNESOL (Helianthus annuus L.)
2014
Encheva, J. | Tsvetkova, F. | Ivanov, P.
Immature zygotic embryos from the Bulgarian fertility restorer line R 147 (male component of the commercial hybrid Albena) were used as donor material for induction of direct organogenesis in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Range of spontaneous somaclonal variation among the progenies of regenerants has been assessed. Genetic modifications observed in the regenerants included agronomic traits such as oil content in seed, 1000-seed weight, plant height, petiole length, internode length, number of branches, length of branches, number of ray florets, seed width and seed length. The somaclonal line R 12001 showed a modified architecture and higher oil content in seed than the standard R 147, and very good combining ability. The hybrid Julia, an offspring of the somaclonal line R 12001, showed seed and oil yields higher by 18.3% and 17.0%, respectively, than those in the standards Albena and Super Start. In the 2002 tests of the State Variety Testing Commission, the hybrid Julia had a higher seed yield than the standards` mean. Such combination of these favorable changes is desirable in breeding work on sunflower. Somaclonal variation through direct organogenesis facilitated the creation of genetically heritable variation in sunflower, which can be used with for effective production of highly productive and adaptable hybrids.
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