Compensation management tools and organizational and economic features of the formation of the market for ecosystem services in forestry

Ecosystem services as a significant factor in regional development represent undervalued benefits of society from ecosystems that contribute directly or indirectly to the socio-economic development of the regions. Identification of the main components of this factor is due to the peculiarities of the landscape structure of the territory and the set of ecosystem services provided by natural complexes. At the same time, the economic assessment of the ecosystem services of the regions can reveal the hidden possibilities for diversifying their economies as one of the strategic objectives of any country's development in order to reduce internal and external risk factors. As a result of the conducted studies, the classification of ecosystem services according to the degree of materiality of the final product is given: by division into markets of goods, industries, services, labor and capital. The main functions of the market for ecosystem services in the forestry sector are established. A detailed analysis of the important factors affecting the demand for ecosystem services, namely, the number of consumers on the market, has been carried out; number of firms providing ecosystem services. The positive and negative consequences of the development of competition or monopolization of the market for ecosystem services are presented. The main compensating tools that are relevant to the implementation of forestry in Ukraine are described. Successful development of the market for ecosystem services in forestry, its scale and content depend on the degree of state influence on the nature of users in the direction of compliance with their environmental requirements. In this regard, today it is extremely important to study the market of ecosystem services in the forestry sector, which exists in the world and, first of all, in Ukraine, and to determine the peculiarities of its formation and development. The research of the market of ecosystem services will reveal promising directions for its development, which will promote not only the full implementation of forest management measures, but also the introduction of economic mechanisms for sustainable forest management.