Embryo rescue of early ripening plum cultivars
2002
Gercheva, P. | Zhivondov, A.
Embryoculture are an efficient in vitro method finding application in breeding of early ripening stone fruit species. The aim of the present study was to obtain seedlings of early ripening plum cultivars, included in the breeding programmes of the Fruitgrowing Institute - Plovdiv, by optimizing the nutrient media. Seeds isolated from ripen fruits of cvs 'Burmosa' (Prunus salicina L.) and 'Ruth Gerstetter' (Pr. domestica L.) were used. After sterilizing the seeds, the embryos were isolated and cultivated on variants of MS nutrient medium (Murashige & Scoog, 1962). The effect of the hormonal and carbohydrate content of the medium was tested. 'Burmosa's embryos demonstrated 70-100% germination capacity on all the nutrient media. For the embryos of cv. 'Ruth Gerstetter' the best germination of 75% was achieved on 2.5 micromolar IBA and 7.5 micromolar TDZ, containing as a carbohydrate source 2% of sorbitol and 2% of sucrose. On media containing TDZ, along with the development of the zygote embryo, adventitious organogenesis was also observed. As a result of the study over 300 seedlings were obtained which were adapted and planted in a breeding nursery.
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