Suppression of Glyphosate-Resistant Canada Fleabane (Conyza canadensis) in Corn with Cover Crops Seeded after Wheat Harvest the Previous Year
2018
Cholette, Taïga B. | Soltani, Nader | Hooker, David C. | Robinson, Darren E. | Sikkema, Peter H.
Glyphosate-resistant (GR) and multiple herbicide—resistant (groups 2 and 9) Canada fleabane have been confirmed in 30 and 23 counties in Ontario, respectively. The widespread incidence of herbicide-resistant Canada fleabane highlights the importance of developing integrated weed management strategies. One strategy is to suppress Canada fleabane using cover crops. Seventeen different cover crop monocultures or polycultures were seeded after winter wheat harvest in late summer to determine GR Canada fleabane suppression in corn grown the following growing season. All cover crop treatments seeded after wheat harvest suppressed GR Canada fleabane in corn the following year. At 4 wk after cover crop emergence (WAE), estimated cover crop ground cover ranged from 31% to 68%, a density of 124 to 638 plants m⁻², and a range of biomass from 29 to 109 g m⁻², depending on cover crop species. All of the cover crop treatments suppressed GR Canada fleabane in corn grown the following growing season from May to September compared to the no cover crop control. Among treatments evaluated, annual ryegrass (ARG), crimson clover (CC)/ARG, oilseed radish (OSR)/CC/ARG, and OSR/CC/cereal rye (CR) were the best treatments for the suppression of GR Canada fleabane in corn. ARG alone or in combination with CC provided the most consistent GR Canada fleabane suppression, density reduction, and biomass reduction in corn. Grain corn yields were not affected by the use of the cover crops evaluated for Canada fleabane suppression. Nomenclature: Glyphosate; Canada fleabane, Conyza canadensis Cronq.; annual ryegrass, Lolium multiflorum Lam.; cereal rye, Secale cereale L.; corn, Zea mays L.; crimson clover, Trifolium incarnatum L.; oilseed radish, Raphanus sativus L.; winter wheat, Triticum aestivum L.
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