Tree mode of death and mortality risk factors across Amazon forests
2020
Esquivel-Muelbert, Adriane | Phillips, Oliver L. | Brienen, Roel Jacobus Wilhelmus | Fauset, Sophie | Sullivan, Martin J. P. | Baker, Timothy R. | Chao, Kuo-Jung | Feldpausch, Ted R. | Gloor, Emanuel | Higuchi, Niro | Houwing-Duistermaat, Jeanne | Lloyd, Jon | Liu, Haiyan | Malhi, Yadvinder | Marimon, Beatriz Schwantes | Marimon-Junior, Ben Hur | Monteagudo-Mendoza, Abel | Poorter, Lourens | Silveira, Marcos | Vilanova Torre, Emilio | Álvarez-Dávila, Esteban | del Aguila Pasquel, Jhon | Almeida, Everton José | Alvarez Loayza, Patricia | Andrade, Ana | Aragao, Luiz E.O.C. | Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro | Arets, Eric | Arroyo, Luzmila | Aymard Corredor, Gerardo A. | Baisie, Michel | Baraloto, Christopher | Barbosa de Camargo, Plínio | Barroso, Jorcely | Blanc, Lilian | Bonal, Damien | Bongers, Frans | Boot, René | Brown, Foster | Burban, Benoit | Camargo, Jose Luis C. | Castro, Wendeson | Chama Moscoso, Victor | Chave, Jérôme | Comiskey, James A. | Cornejo Valverde, Fernando | Lola da Costa, Antonio Carlos | Davila Cardozo, Nallaret | Di Fiore, Anthony | Dourdain, Aurélie | et al.,
The carbon sink capacity of tropical forests is substantially affected by tree mortality. However, the main drivers of tropical tree death remain largely unknown. Here we present a pan-Amazonian assessment of how and why trees die, analysing over 120,000 trees representing > 3800 species from 189 long-term RAINFOR forest plots. While tree mortality rates vary greatly Amazon-wide, on average trees are as likely to die standing as they are broken or uprooted—modes of death with different ecological consequences. Species-level growth rate is the single most important predictor of tree death in Amazonia, with faster-growing species being at higher risk. Within species, however, the slowest-growing trees are at greatest risk while the effect of tree size varies across the basin. In the driest Amazonian region species-level bioclimatic distributional patterns also predict the risk of death, suggesting that these forests are experiencing climatic conditions beyond their adaptative limits. These results provide not only a holistic pan-Amazonian picture of tree death but large-scale evidence for the overarching importance of the growth–survival trade-off in driving tropical tree mortality.
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تم تزويد هذا السجل من قبل International Center for Research in Agronomy for Development