Características químicas de las masas de aguas costeras ecuatorianas durante los eventos ENSO de 1993-1998

El objetivo del presente es coadyuvar al conocimiento de la génesis y evolución del evento El Niño mediante la determinación de las características hidroquímicas de las masas de agua presentes en los eventos de 1993, considerado de moderada intensidad, de 1998, de gran intensidad; comparándolas con 1994, año considerado normal, utilizando para ello la información obtenida en cruceros del B/ORION realizados en los meses de Marzo de los años citados y tomando como área de estudio, por su coincidencia espacio-temporal las transectas comprendidas entre los meriadianos 82 y 83°30' de longitud oeste.

The objective of this paper is to cooperate to obtain knowledge about the effect of "El Niño" phenomenon on the chemical characteristics of marine water masses in Ecuador. The location of the different water masses in water column, as well as, their characteristics in relation to temperature, salinity, and inorganic nutrients, nitrite, nitrate, fosfate and silicate on 1994, considered as a normal year, 1993, considered as a medium intensity "El Niño" year, as well as 1998 which is considered a high intensity "El Niño Year", is presented. Presence of ATS, AES, ACP, AESS and AEP water masses is established on studied years, except on 1994, year in which ATS were absent. Higher temperature on ATS during "El Niño" 1998 than on "El Niño" 1993 is established. However this water mass was not detected in 1994 considered as a normal year. It is corroborated that, in general sense, the ATS contains higher concentration of dissolved oxygen than deeper water masses, as well as, ATS possesses lower concentration of dissolved nutrients, which is related to the apparent oxygen utilization (AOU). Higher concentration of nutrients is detected during the occurrence of "El Niño" phenomenon, in relation to the normal year, it's also concluded that "El Niño" phenomenon had preferible influence on ATS than on deeper water masses which retain their own physical and chemical characteristics.

Incluye ref.bibl., grafs.

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