Lignocellulosic Fibres-Based Biocomposites Materials for Food Packaging

Current requests in the field of food packaging lead to the reasoned design of materials able to improve the global environmental balance of the food/packaging system by minimizing the negative environmental impact of the packaging material while improving its positive role in the food wastes and losses reduction that strongly impact our environment. This means to simultaneously control food degradation reactions while limiting undesirable migrations of additives from packaging towards in respect of our health and remaining economically competitive. The substitution of oil-based materials by ones issued from renewable and non-food resources (e.g. issued from bioconversion of agro-food wastes, for example) and furthermore, fully biodegradable in natural conditions is also a necessity and represents a significant breakthrough from the research in the field of food packaging. In this context, increasing attention is given to full-biocomposites, i.e. composite materials based on constituents all biosourced and biodegradable. Developing full-biocomposites for food packaging requires taken into account numerous factors, and this is even more important for complex biodegradable materials due to the gap in knowledge on their behaviour and potentialities in usage conditions. The objective of this chapter is to decipher the state of the art on full-biocomposites by considering the specific stakes relative to the food packaging application. After the first part of introduction, the second part will present the role of packaging to ensure food quality and safety and how it should be designed in such a way to reduce food waste and losses. The third part will present the window of mass transfer properties of full-biocomposites, which is the main functional property when considering the food packaging application. The fourth part will consider the economical competitiveness of full-biocomposites, the fifth part will treat the safety issues and the sixth of the different options of end of life and waste management.