Elucidating the role of the gut microbiota in the physiological effects of dietary fiber
2022
Deehan, E. C. | Zhang, Z. | Riva, A. | Armet, A. M. | Perez-Muñoz, M. E. | Nguyen, N. K. | Krysa, J. A. | Seethaler, B. | Zhao, Y. Y. | Cole, J. | Li, F. | Hausmann, B. | Spittler, A. | Nazare, J. A. | Delzenne, N. M. | Curtis, J. M. | Wismer, W. V. | Proctor, S. D. | Bakal, J. A. | Bischoff, S. C. | Knights, D. | Field, C. J. | Berry, D. | Prado, C. M. | Walter, J. | University of Alberta | Jimei University [Fujian, China] (JMU) | Universität Wien = University of Vienna | Universität Hohenheim = University of Hohenheim | Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna | Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN) ; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) | French-Clinical Research Infrastructure Network / F-CRIN [Lyon] (Cardiovascular & Renal Clinical Trialists - INI-CRCT) ; Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS) ; Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes (CRNH-RA) ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [CHU Grenoble] (CHUGA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) ; Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [CHU Grenoble] (CHUGA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA) | Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL) | University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN) ; University of Minnesota System (UMN) | University College Cork (UCC) | National University of Ireland [Galway] (NUI Galway)
International audience
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]إنجليزي. BACKGROUND: Dietary fiber is an integral part of a healthy diet, but questions remain about the mechanisms that underlie effects and the causal contributions of the gut microbiota. Here, we performed a 6-week exploratory trial in adults with excess weight (BMI: 25-35 kg/m(2)) to compare the effects of a high-dose (females: 25 g/day; males: 35 g/day) supplement of fermentable corn bran arabinoxylan (AX; n = 15) with that of microbiota-non-accessible microcrystalline cellulose (MCC; n = 16). Obesity-related surrogate endpoints and biomarkers of host-microbiome interactions implicated in the pathophysiology of obesity (trimethylamine N-oxide, gut hormones, cytokines, and measures of intestinal barrier integrity) were assessed. We then determined whether clinical outcomes could be predicted by fecal microbiota features or mechanistic biomarkers. RESULTS: AX enhanced satiety after a meal and decreased homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), while MCC reduced tumor necrosis factor-α and fecal calprotectin. Machine learning models determined that effects on satiety could be predicted by fecal bacterial taxa that utilized AX, as identified by bioorthogonal non-canonical amino acid tagging. Reductions in HOMA-IR and calprotectin were associated with shifts in fecal bile acids, but correlations were negative, suggesting that the benefits of fiber may not be mediated by their effects on bile acid pools. Biomarkers of host-microbiome interactions often linked to bacterial metabolites derived from fiber fermentation (short-chain fatty acids) were not affected by AX supplementation when compared to non-accessible MCC. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the efficacy of purified dietary fibers when used as supplements and suggests that satietogenic effects of AX may be linked to bacterial taxa that ferment the fiber or utilize breakdown products. Other effects are likely microbiome independent. The findings provide a basis for fiber-type specific therapeutic applications and their personalization. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02322112 , registered on July 3, 2015. Video Abstract.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]الكلمات المفتاحية الخاصة بالمكنز الزراعي (أجروفوك)
المعلومات البيبليوغرافية
تم تزويد هذا السجل من قبل Institut national de la recherche agronomique