Drainage performance assessment in a modernized oasis system
2013
Ben Aissa, I. | Bouarfa, S. | Vincent, Bernard | Chaumont, Cédric | Perrier, Alain | Gestion de l'Eau, Acteurs, Usages (UMR G-EAU) ; Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-AgroParisTech-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Occitanie]) | Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés (UR HBAN) ; Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA) | Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD) ; Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X) ; Institut Polytechnique de Paris (IP Paris)-Institut Polytechnique de Paris (IP Paris)-École nationale des ponts et chaussées (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS-PSL ; École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) ; Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) ; Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) | Environnement et Grandes Cultures (EGC) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech
[Departement_IRSTEA]Eaux [TR1_IRSTEA]GEUSI
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]إنجليزي. Saharan oases are frequently subjected to waterlogging due to the presence of shallow and salty groundwater and poor irrigation and drainage conditions. To overcome this problem in Tunisia, in 2002 an official modernization programme was implemented based on two operations: (i) increasing irrigation efficiency by building concrete irrigation canals to limit losses due to water percolation and (ii) controlling waterlogging and salinity by installing a subsurface drainage system in place of the traditional open-ditch system. In this study, a salinity balance was performed in Fatnassa, a representative Saharan oasis in Tunisia. Two spatial levels were monitored over a period of two years: an irrigated and drained field (0.8 ha) and the northern part of the oasis covering 114 ha. Results showed an equilibrated salinity balance at the field level, whereas, at the oasis level, the drainage system was unable to evacuate more than 30% of the salts in the first year and 15% in the second. We consider the clogging effect detected in several locations in the oasis as the main cause of this dysfunction. For the future, we recommend a more participatory approach to designing drainage systems, probably moving toward mixed systems with traditional open ditches and modern subsurface pipes, both easy to maintain by the farmers themselves. Adequate envelopes to prevent clogging in mineral soils have to be tested in situ before extension of subsurface drainage.
اظهر المزيد [+] اقل [-]الكلمات المفتاحية الخاصة بالمكنز الزراعي (أجروفوك)
المعلومات البيبليوغرافية
تم تزويد هذا السجل من قبل Institut national de la recherche agronomique