MUTAGENESIS INDUCIDA EN PASTO SABOYA (Panicum maximum Jacq.) CON ETIL-METANOSULFONATO E INCIDENCIA DE SALIVAZO (Mahanarva andígena) Jacobi (Homóptera, Cercopidae), BAJO CONDICIONES DE INVERNADERO

The savoy is an economically important grass that is attacked by insect pests such as the spittlebug, where an alternative is the induction of mutations using chemical substances such as ethyl-methanesulfonate (EMS) and the individual selection of plants with forage potential. In this perspective, a study was carried out with the objective: "Determine the incidence of Salivazo in Savoy grass by induced mutagenesis of ethyl-meta sulfonate, under greenhouse conditions". A completely randomized design of 9 treatments with five repetitions was used, in a factorial arrangement A x B +1. Factor A: seed impregnation times: 24 and 48 hours. Factor B: EMS concentrations: 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75% and 1.00%, in addition to the control. The experimental units were 20 plants, which were evaluated at different times. The results made it possible to determine which morphological characteristics of savoy grass have a differentiated behavior in response to EMS impregnation, however, they are all correlated (p<0.05). The impregnation time had no effect on the agronomic behavior. The optimal concentration of EMS is 0.48. An increase in EMS concentration of 0.1% reduces the number of nymphs, by 2 nymphs/plant. The concentrations of 0.75% and 1.00%, regardless of the impregnation times, were effective in reducing the number of nymphs. The population of spittlebug nymphs tends to increase in the control plants, deducing that the pest goes through the different stages and that the reduction of nymphs is due to the effect of EMS

The savoy is an economically important grass that is attacked by insect pests such as the spittlebug, where an alternative is the induction of mutations using chemical substances such as ethyl-methanesulfonate (EMS) and the individual selection of plants with forage potential. In this perspective, a study was carried out with the objective: "Determine the incidence of Salivazo in Savoy grass by induced mutagenesis of ethyl-meta sulfonate, under greenhouse conditions". A completely randomized design of 9 treatments with five repetitions was used, in a factorial arrangement A x B +1. Factor A: seed impregnation times: 24 and 48 hours. Factor B: EMS concentrations: 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75% and 1.00%, in addition to the control. The experimental units were 20 plants, which were evaluated at different times. The results made it possible to determine which morphological characteristics of savoy grass have a differentiated behavior in response to EMS impregnation, however, they are all correlated (p<0.05). The impregnation time had no effect on the agronomic behavior. The optimal concentration of EMS is 0.48. An increase in EMS concentration of 0.1% reduces the number of nymphs, by 2 nymphs/plant. The concentrations of 0.75% and 1.00%, regardless of the impregnation times, were effective in reducing the number of nymphs. The population of spittlebug nymphs tends to increase in the control plants, deducing that the pest goes through the different stages and that the reduction of nymphs is due to the effect of EMS

La saboya es pasto de importancia económica que es atacada por plagas insectiles como el salivazo, donde una alternativa la inducción de mutaciones usando sustancias químicas como etil-metanosulfonato (EMS) y la selección individual de plantas con potencial forrajero. En esta perspectiva se realizó un estudio con el objetivo: “Determinar la incidencia del Salivazo en pasto Saboya mediante mutagénesis inducida de etil-meta sulfonato, bajo condiciones de invernadero”. Se usó un diseño completamente al azar de 9 tratamientos con cinco repeticiones, en arreglo factorial A x B +1. El factor A: tiempos de impregnación de las semillas: 24 y 48 horas. El factor B: concentraciones EMS: 0,25%, 050%, 0,75% y 1,00%, además del testigo. Las unidades experimentales fueron de 20 plantas, que se evaluaron en distintos momentos. Los resultados permitieron determinar qué las características morfológicas del pasto saboya tienen un comportamiento diferenciado como respuesta a la impregnación de EMS, sin embargo, todas están correlacionadas (p<0,05). Los tiempos de impregnación no tuvieron efecto sobre el comportamiento agronómico. La concentración óptima de EMS es 0,48. Un incremento en la concentración de EMS del 0,1% reduce el número de ninfas, en 2 ninfas/planta. Las concentraciones de 0,75% y 1,00%, independientemente del tiempo de impregnación, fueron efectivos para la reducción del número de ninfas. La población de ninfas de salivazo tiende a incrementarse en las plantas testigo, deduciéndose que la plaga pasa por los diferentes estadios y que la reducción de ninfas de debe al efecto de EMS