Prevalencia de Malassezia pachydermatis en caninos a nivel de consultorios veterinarios de la ciudad de Guayaquil

Malassezia pachydermatis is a lipophilic, saprophytic yeast commonly found on healthy skin, ear canals, and anal sacs, oral and anal mucosal surfaces of dogs. The main skin diseases that favor the proliferation of this opportunistic yeast are atopy, food allergy, hypersensitivity to flea bites and contact allergy. Different endocrinopathies and metabolic diseases can also cause seborrhea, thus promoting the growth of Malassezia, such as hyperadrenocorticism, hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, and skin neoplasia. Large amounts of Malassezia are seen in 50% to 80% of dogs with external otitis and They have been shown to cause inflammation, perhaps through interaction of lipid / Malassezia metabolites (eg, peroxide formation) and type I (hypersensitivity) reactions to yeast or its metabolites. Some breeds such as the Cocker Spaniel, Shih Tzu, Basset Hound, German Shepherd Poodle have a higher risk, which may be related to anatomical characteristics such as pendulous ears and specific host factors, there is no predilection for sex, in terms of age. report more cases in adult dogs. The body areas most affected by Malassezia are: the face, ears, the ventral area of the neck, underarm area, in the groin area, at the base of the nails and the interdigital spaces providing a brown color and also in the skin folds of the animal's back. The diagnosis is based on a clinical history that includes anamnesis, review, and dermatological examination for the identification of Malassezia pachydermatis at the level of dermal lesions, the presence of these yeasts is identified by cytology.

Malassezia pachydermatis is a lipophilic, saprophytic yeast commonly found on healthy skin, ear canals, and anal sacs, oral and anal mucosal surfaces of dogs. The main skin diseases that favor the proliferation of this opportunistic yeast are atopy, food allergy, hypersensitivity to flea bites and contact allergy. Different endocrinopathies and metabolic diseases can also cause seborrhea, thus promoting the growth of Malassezia, such as hyperadrenocorticism, hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, and skin neoplasia. Large amounts of Malassezia are seen in 50% to 80% of dogs with external otitis and They have been shown to cause inflammation, perhaps through interaction of lipid / Malassezia metabolites (eg, peroxide formation) and type I (hypersensitivity) reactions to yeast or its metabolites. Some breeds such as the Cocker Spaniel, Shih Tzu, Basset Hound, German Shepherd Poodle have a higher risk, which may be related to anatomical characteristics such as pendulous ears and specific host factors, there is no predilection for sex, in terms of age. report more cases in adult dogs. The body areas most affected by Malassezia are: the face, ears, the ventral area of the neck, underarm area, in the groin area, at the base of the nails and the interdigital spaces providing a brown color and also in the skin folds of the animal's back. The diagnosis is based on a clinical history that includes anamnesis, review, and dermatological examination for the identification of Malassezia pachydermatis at the level of dermal lesions, the presence of these yeasts is identified by cytology.

La Malassezia pachydermatis es una levadura lipofílica, saprofita, que suele encontrarse en la piel sana, canales auditivos, sacos anales, superficies mucosas oral y anal de perros. Las principales enfermedades cutáneas que favorecen la proliferación de esta levadura oportunista son atopía, alergia alimentaria, hipersensibilidad a la picadura de pulgas y alergia por contacto. Diferentes endocrinopatías y enfermedades metabólicas también pueden producir seborrea, promoviendo así el crecimiento de Malassezia, como es el hiperadrenocorticismo, hipotiroidismo, diabetes mellitus y neoplasia cutánea. Grandes cantidades de Malassezia se observan en el 50 % a 80 % de los perros con otitis externa y se demostró que causan inflamación, tal vez por interacción de los metabolitos de lípidos/Malassezia (por ejemplo, formación de peróxidos) y reacciones del tipo I (hipersensibilidad) a la levadura o sus metabolitos. Algunas razas como la Cocker Spaniel, Shih Tzu, Basset Hound, Caniche Pastor Alemán presentan un mayor riesgo, que puede estar relacionado a las características anatómicas como orejas pendulantes y factores específicos del huésped, no hay predilección por sexo, en cuanto a la edad se reportan más casos en perros adultos. Las áreas corporales más afectadas por la Malassezia son: la cara, las orejas, la zona ventral del cuello, área de las axilas, en la zona de la ingle, en la base de las uñas y los espacios interdigitales proporcionando una coloración marrón y también en los pliegues cutáneos del lomo del animal. El diagnostico se basa en realizar una historia clínica que comprende anamnesis, reseña, examen dermatológico para la identificación de la Malassezia pachydermatis a nivel de las lesiones dérmicas, la presencia de estas levaduras se identifica mediante una citología.