Manejo agronómico del cultivo de naranja (Citrus sinensis) en el Ecuador

The present research work addressed the topic of "Agronomic management of orange (Citrus sinensis) cultivation in Ecuador". It is worth mentioning that this fruit is of great importance for the country due to the great demand that exists, whether for direct consumption or for agro-industrial processes that is growing every day in Ecuador, it is worth mentioning that the country currently has 18,411 hectares of which Only 16,324 are harvested, of which only 5% are technical, the rest are semi-technical and this has its effects, which we can see in the yield and quality of the fruit of this crop, which are currently around 12.59 t/ha./ anus. The orange crop has an average longevity of approximately 20 to 40 years as long as they are well-technified in their citrus-growing areas where they are producing, giving a yield between 40 to 50 tons of fresh fruit per hectare/year, but unfortunately in At present this crop goes unnoticed in its agronomic management and this is more acute when an agronomic management is not carried out based on its agro-edaphoclimatic needs, monitoring and proper control of its agricultural work such as irrigation, fertilization, insect pest control , diseases and weeds, as if it were carried out in other countries where this fruit is planted and produced for local consumption and for export. The problem is in the lack of training and knowledge on the part of our farmers regarding the proper management of the crop and that currently in Ecuador has an impact on production estimates, the purpose of this work is to make known the agronomic management of this crop in order to improve its yields and raise awareness among producers of the fruit crop that has great local demand and why not think about generating export items.

The present research work addressed the topic of "Agronomic management of orange (Citrus sinensis) cultivation in Ecuador". It is worth mentioning that this fruit is of great importance for the country due to the great demand that exists, whether for direct consumption or for agro-industrial processes that is growing every day in Ecuador, it is worth mentioning that the country currently has 18,411 hectares of which Only 16,324 are harvested, of which only 5% are technical, the rest are semi-technical and this has its effects, which we can see in the yield and quality of the fruit of this crop, which are currently around 12.59 t/ha./ anus. The orange crop has an average longevity of approximately 20 to 40 years as long as they are well-technified in their citrus-growing areas where they are producing, giving a yield between 40 to 50 tons of fresh fruit per hectare/year, but unfortunately in At present this crop goes unnoticed in its agronomic management and this is more acute when an agronomic management is not carried out based on its agro-edaphoclimatic needs, monitoring and proper control of its agricultural work such as irrigation, fertilization, insect pest control , diseases and weeds, as if it were carried out in other countries where this fruit is planted and produced for local consumption and for export. The problem is in the lack of training and knowledge on the part of our farmers regarding the proper management of the crop and that currently in Ecuador has an impact on production estimates, the purpose of this work is to make known the agronomic management of this crop in order to improve its yields and raise awareness among producers of the fruit crop that has great local demand and why not think about generating export items.

El presente trabajo de investigación abordó el tema sobre “Manejo agronómico del cultivo de naranja (Citrus sinensis) en el Ecuador”. Es de mencionar que esta fruta es de gran importancia para el país por la gran demanda que existe sea por consumo directo o para procesos agroindustriales que cada día en el Ecuador va creciendo, es de mencionar que el país cuenta con 18.411 hectáreas actualmente de las cuales solo 16.324 son cosechadas de estas solo el 5% están tecnificadas, el resto semitecnificado y esto tiene sus efectos, que lo podemos visualizar en el rendimiento y calidad en la fruta de este cultivo que en la actualidad están por las 12.59 t/ha./año. El cultivo de naranja tiene un promedio de longevidad de 20 a 40 años aproximadamente siempre y cuando estas estén bien tecnificadas en sus zonas citrícolas donde estén produciendo, dando un rendimiento entre 40 a 50 toneladas de fruta fresca por ha./año, pero lastimosamente en la actualidad este cultivo pasa de manera desapercibida en su manejo agronómico y esto más agudiza cuando no se lleva un manejo agrónomico en base a sus necesidades agroedafoclimaticas, el monitoreo y un debido control de sus labores agrícolas como son riego, fertilización, control de insectos plagas, enfermedades y malezas, como si se lo realiza en otros países donde se siembra y produce esta fruta para consumo local y de exportación. El problema está en la falta de capacitación y de conocimiento por parte de nuestros agricultores con respecto al manejo adecuado del cultivo y que en la actualidad en el Ecuador repercute en los estimativos de producción, el presente trabajo tiene como finalidad de hacer conocer los manejos agronómicos adecuados de este cultivo con el objetivo de mejorar sus rendimientos y concientizar a los productores del cultivo de la fruta que tiene gran demanda local y por qué no pensar en que genere rubros de exportación.